Oral trush: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment

Oral thrush is a common condition that affects patients of various ages, but its underlying mechanisms and treatments continue to evolve. 
They are self-limiting mucosal ulcerations that affect up to 25% of the population, classified as minor, major and herpetiform. 
Triggering factors can be mechanical trauma, nutritional deficiencies (B12, iron, and folic acid), viral infections and genetic predisposition. 
Recent studies have associated alterations in the oral microbiome and immune dysfunctions with frequent recurrence.

The latest advances in diagnosis make use of optical spectroscopy and analysis of salivary biomarkers to differentiate them from pathologies such as lichen planus or Behçet's disease. 
Innovative treatments include low-intensity laser that improves analgesia and accelerates tissue regeneration. There are new topical agents such as Sucralfate gel and bioactive adhesives. 
Finally, immunomodulators such as Amlexanox and treatments with levamisole are also being used for severe cases. As complementary therapy we use prebiotics to balance the oral microbiome. 
In conclusion, the integration of new technologies and immunomodulatory therapies is redefining the clinical management of oral thrush. 
As dentists, it is crucial to stay up to date to offer effective and evidence-based treatments.